This new age technology has reduced the need for reproductive surgery as a primary surgical treatment of infertility.

When fertility surgery is suggested when operative laparoscopy results in fertile situation. In addition, there is less contamination of the surgical field with glove powder or lint, bleeding is reduced due to tamponed of small vessels by the pneumoperitoneum, and drying of tissues is minimal because surgery occurs in a closed environment.

All of these factors contribute to reduce postoperative adhesion formation and its associated morbidity.

Laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of female infertility is reviewed here. The evaluation and nonsurgical treatment of female infertility are discussed separately.